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The drug-user group scored higher than the control group on both scales.

Each participant answered Brazilian Portuguese translations of both the BADDS and the Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Scale (ASRS) questionnaires, in paper-and-pencil format. The control group had no prior diagnosis of drug addiction and the drug-user group included participants with a diagnosis of addiction. Both groups included subjects aged 18 to 60 years old. This study included a control group (n = 100) and a drug-user group (n = 100). DESIGN AND SETTING:Ĭross-cultural validation study conducted in an addiction unit at a public university hospital. The objective here was to translate and validate the adult self-report BADDS for use in Brazil. The Brown Attention-Deficit Disorder Scale (BADDS) was developed as a self-report assessment that was designed to screen for presence of symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Affilliate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil. Full Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil. Attending Physician, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil. Public Health Professional, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, United States. Individuals who have issues with executive functioning may have difficulties completing tasks or may forget important things.Medical Student, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil. This ability permits individuals to consider the long-term consequences of their actions and guide their behavior across time more effectively. Executive function is the brain’s ability to prioritize and manage thoughts and actions. Recently, deficits in executive function have emerged as key factors affecting academic and career success. Individuals with ADHD may also have difficulties with maintaining attention, executive function and working memory. Many have inconsistent performance at work or in their careers have difficulties with day-to-day responsibilities experience relationship problems and may have chronic feelings of frustration, guilt or blame.

Adults with ADHD often cope with difficulties at work and in their personal and family lives related to ADHD symptoms. In early adulthood, ADHD may be associated with depression, mood or conduct disorders and substance abuse. Approximately 10 million adults have attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).